I-Chloasma iyisifo esivamile sokuthola isikhumba se-pigmentation emtholampilo. Kwenzeka kakhulu kwabesifazane beminyaka yokuzala izingane, futhi kungabonakala nakubesilisa abaziwa kakhulu. Ibonakala ngombala wepipitimu olula ezihlathini, ebunzini nasezihlathini, ikakhulukazi esimweni samaphiko butterfly. Kukhanya okuphuzi noma okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, okusindayo okumnyama noma ukukhanya okumnyama.
Cishe bonke abantu abancane bobuhlanga nobuzwe bangakha lesi sifo, kepha izindawo ezinokuvezwa okukhulu kwe-UV, njengeLatin America, e-Asia, ne-Afrika, zinesigameko esiphakeme. Iningi leziguli lithuthukisa izifo kuma-30s azo-30 kanye nama-40s, kanye nezigameko ezineminyaka engu-40- na ezineminyaka engu-50 ubudala zingama-14% no-16%, ngokulandelana. Abantu abakhanyisiwe abakhanyisiwe bahlakulela ukuqala, abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama bakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokuya esikhathini. Ucwaningo oluvela kubantu abancane eLatin America bukhombisa izehlakalo ezi-4% kuya ku-10%, ama-50% kwabesifazane abakhulelwe kanye ne-10% emadodeni.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokusabalalisa, i-melasma ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezi-3 zomtholampilo, kufaka phakathi ubuso obuphakathi (ezibandakanya ibunzi, i-dorsum yekhala, izihlathi, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izifo zesikhumba zesikhumba se-idiopathic, njenge-idiopathic periorbital sesikhumba se-pigmentation, kucatshangwa ukuthi zihlotshaniswa ne-melasma. Ngokuya ngendawo yokubekwa kwe-melanin esikhunjeni, i-melasma ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-epidermal, dermal kanye nezinhlobo ezixubile, phakathi kwazo uhlobo olujwayelekile, futhi uhlobo oluxubile lungenzeka kakhulu,Isibani sokhunikuyasiza ekuhlonzeni izinhlobo zemitholampilo. Phakathi kwazo, uhlobo lwe-epidermal lukhanya nsundu ngaphansi kokukhanya kwezinkuni; Uhlobo lwe-Dermal lumpunga olukhanyayo noma luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwamehlo anqunu, futhi umehluko awubonakali ngaphansi kokukhanya kwezinkuni. Ukuhlukaniswa okunembile kwe-melasma kunenzuzo ekukhetheni ukwelashwa kamuva.
Isikhathi sePosi: Meyi-06-2022
