Izifundo zakamuva zidonsele ukuxhumana phakathi kokuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (UV) kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ze-pigmentation esikhunjeni. Abaphenyi kudala bazi ukuthi imisebe ye-UV evela elangeni ingadala ama-sunburns futhi yandise ubungozi bomdlavuza wesikhumba. Kodwa-ke, umzimba okhulayo uphakamisa ukuthi le misebe nayo ingabangela ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, i-pigment enikeza isikhumba umbala wayo, okuholela ekubonakaleni amabala amnyama noma iziqeshana esikhunjeni.
Ukuphazamiseka kokunye okujwayelekile okukholakala ukuthi kuxhunyaniswe nokuvezwa kwe-UV yi-melasma, eyaziwa nangokuthi chloasma. Lesi simo sibonakaliswa ukuthuthukiswa kwama-patches ansundu noma ampunga ebusweni, imvamisa ngephethini yokulinganisa, futhi kuvame ukubonwa kwabesifazane. Ngenkathi imbangela ngqo ye-melasma ayikaziwa, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-hormone, izakhi zofuzo kanye nemisebe ye-UV zonke zinomthelela.
Olunye uhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwe-pigmentation oluhambisana nokuvezwa kwe-UV kuyindlela yokuvuvukala ngemuva kokuvuvukala (PIH). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isikhumba sivuthakala, njengasesimweni somqubuko noma i-eczema, kanye nama-melanocyte endaweni ethintekile kukhiqiza i-melanin eyeqile. Ngenxa yalokhu, iziqeshana ezilahliwe noma amabala angahlala esikhunjeni ngemuva kokuvuvukala kwehle.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwemisebe ye-UV nokuphazamiseka kwe-pigmentation kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuvikela isikhumba emisebeni eyingozi yelanga. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokugqoka izingubo zokuvikela, ezinjengamahembe nezigqoko ezinde nezigqoko, futhi kusetshenziswa i-sunscreen nge-SPF okungenani ezingama-30. Kubalulekile ukugwema ukuvezwa isikhathi eside elangeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-UV siphezulu.
Kulabo asebevele benezinkinga ze-pigmentation, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukubukeka kwezindawo ezimnyama noma iziqeshana. Lokhu kufaka okhilimu abaphezulu aqukethe izithako ezifana ne-hydroquinone noma ama-retinoids, amakhasi amakhemikhali kanye nokwelashwa kwe-laser. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenza nodokotela wesikhumba ukuthola inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa, njengoba ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingahle zingalungeli izinhlobo ezithile zesikhumba noma zingadala imiphumela emibi.
Ngenkathi ubudlelwane phakathi kwemisebe ye-UV kanye nezinkinga ze-pigmentation kungaba maqondana, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-pigmentation ezilimazayo noma ezibonisa inkinga enkulu yezempilo. Isibonelo, ama-freckles, angamaqoqo ka-melanin avela esikhunjeni, ngokuvamile awanangozi futhi awadingi ukwelashwa.
Ekuphetheni, ukuxhumana phakathi kwemisebe ye-UV futhiukuphazamiseka kwe-pigmentationkugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuvikela isikhumba emisebeni eyingozi yelanga. Ngokuthatha izinyathelo ezilula njengokugqoka izingubo zokuvikela nokusebenzisa i-sunscreen, abantu bangasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yabo yokuthola ukuphazamiseka kwe-pigmentation kanye nezinye izingqinamba zesikhumba ezihlobene nelanga. Uma ukukhathazeka kuvela, kubalulekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wesikhumba ukuthola inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-26-2023
