Ucwaningo lwakamuva ludonse ukunaka ekuxhumaneni phakathi kokuchayeka emisebeni ye-ultraviolet (UV) kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphazamiseka kokushintsha umbala esikhumbeni. Sekuyisikhathi eside abacwaningi bazi ukuthi imisebe ye-UV evela elangeni ingabangela ukushiswa yilanga futhi yandise amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba. Nokho, ubufakazi obuningi bubonisa ukuthi le misebe ingase futhi ibangele ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-melanin, i-pigment eyenza isikhumba sibe nombala waso, okuholela ekubonakaleni kwamabala amnyama noma amabala esikhumbeni.
Esinye isifo esivamile sombala okukholakala ukuthi sihlobene nokuchayeka kwe-UV i-melasma, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chloasma. Lesi simo sibonakala ngokuthuthukiswa kwamabala ansundu noma ampunga ebusweni, ngokuvamile ngephethini elinganayo, futhi ngokuvamile kubonakala kwabesifazane. Nakuba ingaziwa imbangela yangempela ye-melasma, abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ama-hormone, izakhi zofuzo, nemisebe ye-UV konke kuyizici eziyimbangela.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-pigmentation disorder oluhlotshaniswa nokuchayeka kwe-UV i-post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isikhumba sivuvukala, njengalapho kunenduna noma i-eczema, futhi ama-melanocyte endaweni ethintekile akhiqiza i-melanin eyengeziwe. Ngenxa yalokho, amabala agugekile noma amachashaza angase asale esikhumbeni ngemva kokuba ukuvuvukala sekuphelile.
Ubuhlobo phakathi kwemisebe ye-UV nokuphazamiseka kokushintsha umbala kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokuvikela isikhumba emisebeni yelanga eyingozi. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela, njengamahembe nezigqoko ezinemikhono emide, nokusebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-SPF okungenani engu-30. Kubalulekile futhi ukugwema ukuchayeka elangeni isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora aphakeme kakhulu lapho inkomba ye-UV phezulu.
Kulabo asebevele benokuphazamiseka kokushintsha umbala, zikhona izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza ekunciphiseni ukubonakala kwamabala amnyama noma amabala. Lokhu kufaka phakathi okhilimu besihloko abaqukethe izithako ezifana ne-hydroquinone noma i-retinoids, ama-chemical peels, nokwelashwa nge-laser. Nokho, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nodokotela wesikhumba ukuze kutholakale inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwelapha, njengoba ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingase zingafaneleki ezinhlotsheni ezithile zesikhumba noma zingase zidale imiphumela emibi.
Nakuba ubudlelwano phakathi kwemisebe ye-UV kanye nokuphazamiseka kokushintsha umbala kungathinta, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuzona zonke izinhlobo zombala eziyingozi noma ezibonisa inkinga enkulu yezempilo. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-freckles, okungamaqoqo e-melanin avela esikhumbeni, ngokuvamile awanayo ingozi futhi awadingi ukwelashwa.
Ekugcineni, ukuxhumana phakathi kwemisebe ye-UV kanyeizinkinga ze-pigmentationigcizelela ukubaluleka kokuvikela isikhumba emisebeni yelanga eyingozi. Ngokuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha ezilula njengokugqoka izingubo zokuzivikela nokusebenzisa umuthi ovikela ilanga, abantu ngabanye bangasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuba nenkinga yokushintsha umbala webala nezinye izinkinga zesikhumba ezihlobene nelanga. Uma kuphakama ukukhathazeka, kubalulekile ukubonisana nodokotela wesikhumba ukuze anqume indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-26-2023
